This means that under "normal" conditions the western tropical Pacific is 8 to 10☌ warmer than the eastern tropical Pacific. Hence waters in the western equatorial Pacific are able to warm more effectively under the influence of the tropical sun. However in the far western Pacific there is no cool current, and weaker Trades mean that this "upwelling" effect is reduced. Furthermore, along the equator, strong east to southeasterly Trade winds cause the ocean currents in the eastern Pacific to draw water from the deeper ocean towards the surface, helping to keep the surface cool. In the eastern Pacific, the northward flowing Humbolt current brings cooler water from the Southern Ocean to the tropics. El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is the term used to describe the oscillation between the El Niño phase and the La Niña, or opposite, phase. This occurs every three to eight years and is associated with a weaker Walker Circulation (see diagram below) and drier conditions in eastern Australia. Refers to the extensive warming of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean which leads to a major shift in weather patterns across the Pacific. This climate influence is related to: El Niño La Niña The Australian Monsoon What is it? Learn more about CDC’s outlook for the upcoming respiratory disease season.ENSO is the oscillation between El Niño and La Niña conditions. Higher levels of vaccination across the population will also help reduce the number of hospitalizations and risk of hospital strain. Making sure that you are up to date on the vaccines recommended for you is an important strategy to prevent severe disease and protect yourself and others around you. history, vaccines for all three major respiratory viruses – COVID-19, flu, and RSV – will be available this fall. This finding shows that flu vaccine provides protection against serious outcomes.įor the first time in U.S. This study found that people who had received a flu vaccine were half as likely to be hospitalized with flu compared to people who had not been vaccinated. A new CDC study, which looked at children and adults in five South American countries during the 2023 winter flu season (our summertime), shows flu vaccine performed well against those viruses. 2023-2024 flu vaccines have a similar vaccine virus composition as the 2023 Southern Hemisphere flu vaccines. Vaccination against these respiratory viruses is important for everyone and especially for those who are at higher risk of developing serious complications, including older Americans and those with medical conditions.Īs we learn more, we will update our expectations. RSV activity in the United States is also low currently and is likely to increase. Flu vaccination remains the best way to protect yourself and your loved ones against flu and its potentially serious outcomes. As with last year, the total number of hospitalizations this year is expected to be higher than what we as a nation experienced prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.įlu activity in the United States is currently low and although the timing, intensity, and severity of the upcoming flu season cannot be predicted, it is likely to increase over the fall and winter. One measure of the severity of a season is how many people are sick enough to be hospitalized, because this can stress the healthcare system.ĬDC expects this year will be similar to last year in terms of the total number of hospitalizations from COVID-19, RSV, and flu. Some seasons are more severe than others based on strains of the viruses circulating and our immunity to these viruses. Although some people have mild symptoms when they catch flu or RSV, others get sick enough to be hospitalized. Before COVID-19, two viruses, flu and RSV, were the main causes of severe respiratory disease during this time of year. Analysis from CDC’s Center for Forecasting and Outbreak Analytics shows that with the addition of a third virus (COVID-19) that can cause severe disease, even an average respiratory season can place significant strain on our healthcare system.įall and winter are a time when viruses that cause respiratory disease usually circulate more heavily in the community. Along with the seasonal influenza virus (flu) and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), COVID-19 has become a part of the respiratory virus season.
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